How to Grow Japanese Wineberries USA

Soil & Growing Conditions

Water: Prefers moist soil (NC State Extension; University of Maryland Extension)

Growth Stages

Stage	BBCH	Notes
Planting and establishment	0	Propagate by separating runners or by tip layering (RHS); NC State adds division, seed or stem cuttings as alternatives. Usually fan-trained. Where containment matters, note that canes cannot produce seed in their first year, so cutting canes back before they mature restricts spread (University of Maryland Extension).
Vegetative growth	3	Vigorous scrambling growth, spreading by underground stems and by canes rooting where they touch soil -- medium-to-rapid, a foot or more per year (RHS; University of Maryland Extension). Long canes covered in soft, bright red bristles.
Flowering	6	Small white flowers surrounded by bristly red calyces, in dense clusters in summer (RHS).
Fruiting, harvest and pruning	8	Small, sweet, juicy fruit ripens from golden yellow to red, glossy with a hollow core when picked -- a real identification feature distinguishing it from blackberry (RHS; University of Maryland Extension). Cut old canes to the ground after fruiting and tie in the new canes.

Quick Facts

Factor	Value
Soil texture	Chalk, clay, loam or sand (RHS)
Drainage	Moist but well-drained or well-drained (RHS)
Lifecycle	Deciduous perennial shrub with biennial canes -- roots are perennial, canes fruit in their second year (NC State Extension). RHS records 2-5 years to maturity.
Edible parts	fruit

At a Glance

Harvest & Storage

When to pick: Shiny orange-red berries, ripening gold to red, small sweet juicy fruit with a raspberry-like flavour, hollow core when picked (RHS; NC State Extension; University of Maryland Extension). Harvest midsummer.

Diseases

Grey mould

low

Botrytis cinerea

Soft brown fruit decay; Fuzzy grey-brown mould

Named directly on RHS's own growing-guide page as "grey moulds".

Honey fungus

low

Armillaria spp.

Named directly on RHS's own growing-guide page (rarely); NC State Extension separately states the genus is notably susceptible to honey fungus.

Pests

Raspberry cane borer

low

Oberea bimaculata

Named directly by NC State Extension.

Rednecked cane borer

low

Agrilus ruficollis

Named directly by NC State Extension.

What the research guides add

Wineberry bears sweet fruit and is easy to grow, which is exactly why extension services in the eastern USA warn about it.

• It grows as arching canes that can reach nine feet. Canes are vegetative in their first year and in the second become woody and bear side branches, flowers and fruit; each cane lives two years, but the plant sends up new canes every year. (University of Maryland Extension)
• It tolerates a wide range of light, soil type and moisture, and is hardy to USDA zone 5 (annual minimum temperatures down to −20°F). (Vermont Invasives)
• NC State describes it as thicket-forming and able to become quite weedy; University of Maryland Extension calls it non-native and invasive and says it is found through most of the East Coast and Midwest. (NC State Extension, University of Maryland Extension)
• Vermont Invasives says it had escaped cultivation and become an invasive weed by the 1970s, has been recorded in most states east of the Mississippi River, and is listed as invasive in many eastern states, even though it is still used by gardeners and berry breeders for its fruit and its tolerance of varied sites. (Vermont Invasives)
• NC State describes the fruit as edible, sweet and juicy, eaten raw or cooked, and says songbirds and small mammals eat it; Vermont Invasives calls it sweet and somewhat tart. (NC State Extension, Vermont Invasives)

Wineberry in the USA: climate data

Wineberry is listed for USDA zone 5a and warmer (Vermont Invasives). Of the 26 cities in the NOAA normals we use, 24 fall inside that range; Bismarck, ND (4a), Fargo Hector, ND (4a) are colder than the lowest zone listed.

Dates are the median 32°F freeze dates and freeze-free days from NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals 1991–2020; zones come from the USDA 2023 Plant Hardiness Zone Map (ZIP code of each city centre).

University of Maryland Extension lists wineberry as invasive in Maryland, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Virginia, North Carolina, West Virginia and the District of Columbia. Check your state’s rules before planting it, and if you already have it, harvesting the fruit is not a substitute for controlling the canes.

Sources for this section

• University of Maryland Extension: Invasives in Your Woodland: Wineberry
• Vermont Invasives (Vermont Agency of Natural Resources partners): Introduced Weed Spotlight: Wineberry
• NC State Extension: Rubus phoenicolasius (Plant Toolbox)

Section researched and checked on 24 October 2026 by the SoilCommander Editorial Team. How we check facts: editorial policy.

Sources

1. North Carolina State University Extension (Plant Toolbox) - Rubus phoenicolasius (wine raspberry)

   Perennial deciduous shrub, USDA zones 4a-8b. Soil: acid/neutral/alkaline, clay/loam/sand, moist well-drained. Full sun or partial shade. Size 9ft x 3ft3in, medium growth rate. Propagation: division, seed, stem cutting. Pests: raspberry cane borer, rednecked cane borer. Diseases: genus notably susceptible to honey fungus. Native to eastern Asia, Korea, Japan. Edible: juicy bright red fruit, raw or cooked, raspberry-like flavour. Invasiveness: listed as potentially invasive, banned in several New England states, thicket-forming/weedy, though not yet listed invasive/noxious in North Carolina specifically.

2. University of Maryland Extension - Wineberry

   Native to East Asia, introduced to US late 1800s as raspberry-breeding material. Classified as invasive plant/invasive woody plant. Full sun preferred, tolerates partial shade, thrives in moist soil; establishes readily along pond/wetland edges, fence rows, forest edges, fields, orchards, roadsides. Growth rate medium-rapid (1ft+/year). Mature size 3-6ft tall, arched stems to 10ft. Fruit: small glossy red raspberries, midsummer, hollow core when picked (distinguishes from blackberry). Management: pull/dig seedlings while small; cut mature canes to ground and eliminate regrowth promptly; canes cannot produce seed in their first year, so preventing canes from maturing restricts spread.

These 2 sources are specific to this region. The full list of 2 sources behind this guide (North Carolina State University Extension (Plant Toolbox), University of Maryland Extension) is in the references of our UK guide to japanese wineberries; they describe the plant itself, which is the same wherever it grows.