How to Grow Dill USA

At a Glance

Quick Facts

Factor	Value
Soil pH	6 - 7
Optimal growing temp	59-64°F (15-18°C)
Minimum survivable temp	28°F (-2°C)
Time to harvest	42-42 days
Drainage	Well-drained
Lifecycle	annual
Edible parts	leaves, seeds

Soil & Growing Conditions

Soil pH range

6 7

Span reflects genuine variation between the cited authorities, not a single agreed figure.

Growth Stages

Stage	BBCH	Notes
Sowing	0	Sow direct outdoors 1cm deep in rows from spring to mid-summer, in succession; roots dislike disturbance so do not transplant (RHS).
Thinning and foliage growth	3	Thin seedlings to 15cm apart; develops finely dissected, aromatic blue-green foliage (RHS).
Flowering	6	Produces flat umbels of tiny yellow flowers on ribbed stems in mid-summer (RHS).
Seed set and harvest	8	Seed heads mature for harvest; plants complete their 1-2 year lifecycle as an annual or biennial (RHS).

Harvest & Storage

When to pick: RHS: leaves ready "about six weeks after sowing", continuing from early summer to autumn; keep at least one-third of the plant in place when picking, as leaves wilt quickly after cutting. UMD: pick leaves just as flowers open. Seed harvest: RHS/FAO indicate seeds collected in late summer/autumn once ripened and turned brown (FAO EcoCrop: 150-180 days total for seed production); UMD: pick seeds when flat and brown.

Storage

Fresh leaves used immediately (wilt quickly); seeds dried and stored

Pests

Aphids

Aphididae (various spp.)

Slugs

Gastropoda (slugs, various spp.)

Snails

Gastropoda (snails, various spp.)

What the research guides add

Dill is a fast annual, and the four extension services below agree on how to keep a supply going all season.

• It does best in full sun in well-drained soil: moist (Illinois), average to fertile (Wisconsin) or moderately fertile (Utah State). (Illinois Extension, Wisconsin Extension, Utah State Extension, NC State Extension)
• Sow in spring one to two weeks before the last frost, about ¼ inch (6 mm) deep because the seed needs light to germinate; seedlings emerge in about 10 to 14 days. (Illinois Extension, NC State Extension)
• Illinois advises sowing again every two weeks through the season because plants decline soon after they flower (bolt); Utah State says it takes about six weeks to harvest, so plant continuously. (Illinois Extension, Utah State Extension)
• Cut leaves anytime after the plant is a few inches high until the seed stalk begins to form. For seed, cut the flower heads when the seeds are fully developed but before they turn brown, because they shatter when ripe (Wisconsin); NC State harvests seed once the stems begin drying and the seeds turn golden brown. (Wisconsin Extension, NC State Extension)
• It reseeds readily: plants left in the garden in autumn drop seed that germinates the following spring. (Illinois Extension)
• Utah State names ‘Tetra’ and ‘Dukat’ as slow-bolting; Illinois adds ‘Green Sleeves’ as bolt-resistant and ‘Ella’ and ‘Monia’ as compact types for containers. (Utah State Extension, Illinois Extension)
• Plants grow 18 inches to 4 feet tall. (Wisconsin Extension)

Dill in the USA: climate data

Dates are the median 32°F freeze dates and freeze-free days from NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals 1991–2020; zones come from the USDA 2023 Plant Hardiness Zone Map (ZIP code of each city centre).

Sources for this section

• University of Illinois Extension: Dill
• University of Wisconsin–Madison Division of Extension: Dill, Anethum graveolens
• Utah State University Extension: How to Grow Dill in Your Garden
• NC State Extension: Anethum graveolens (Plant Toolbox)

Section researched and checked on 24 October 2026 by the SoilCommander Editorial Team. How we check facts: editorial policy.

Sources

1. NC State Extension - Anethum graveolens (Dill)

   Aromatic SELF-SEEDING ANNUAL, 2.5-5ft tall and 2-3ft wide. Full sun in well-drained slightly acid soil; tolerates partial shade but does best with 6+ hours. Sow in early spring a week or two before the last hard frost, about 1/4in deep AS THE SEED NEEDS LIGHT TO GERMINATE; seedlings emerge in 10-14 days. TRANSPLANTING IS NOT RECOMMENDED because of the long taproot. Sow every 2-4 weeks for a continuous supply. Young leaves have the strongest flavour and are best as the flowers first open; consistent watering prevents premature bolting. Seed is harvested once the stems begin drying and the seeds turn golden brown. Problems: aphids, powdery mildew, phytophthora blight and aster yellows. Larval host to the black swallowtail butterfly.

2. University of Maryland Extension - Dill

These 2 sources are specific to this region. The full list of 6 sources behind this guide (FAO EcoCrop, GBIF, NC State Extension and others) is in the references of our UK guide to dill; they describe the plant itself, which is the same wherever it grows.