Sprouting Broccoli (Brassica oleracea Italica Group)
2 sources cited · Verified
The short answer
- Plant
- Early February to late July
- Site
- 6+ hours of sun, soil pH 6–7
- Biggest risk
- White blister
In the UK, sprouting broccolis go in the ground early February to late July.
Sprouting broccolis (Brassica oleracea Italica Group) — biennial grown as an annual, or true biennial for overwintering purple sprouting types.
Timing is the decision that matters most in the UK: there are 4 separate regional sowing windows, ranging from early February in Southern England to early February in Scotland.
Core growing advice on this page is checked against named horticultural and university-extension sources — see References.
Regional Planting Calendar
| Region | Sow |
|---|---|
| Southern England | early February to late July |
| Midlands | early February to late July |
| Northern England | early February to late July |
| Scotland | early February to late July |
Southern England - detail & sources
RHS gives a single UK-wide sowing window (indoors February-June, outdoors April-July) with no region-specific dates, so this window is applied across all four sub-regions rather than inventing a north/south gradient the source does not support.
Midlands - detail & sources
RHS gives a single UK-wide sowing window (indoors February-June, outdoors April-July) with no region-specific dates, so this window is applied across all four sub-regions rather than inventing a north/south gradient the source does not support.
Northern England - detail & sources
RHS gives a single UK-wide sowing window (indoors February-June, outdoors April-July) with no region-specific dates, so this window is applied across all four sub-regions rather than inventing a north/south gradient the source does not support.
Scotland - detail & sources
RHS gives a single UK-wide sowing window (indoors February-June, outdoors April-July) with no region-specific dates, so this window is applied across all four sub-regions rather than inventing a north/south gradient the source does not support.
Quick Facts
| Factor | Value |
|---|---|
| Soil pH | 6 - 7 |
| Sunlight | 6-6 hours direct sun |
| Soil texture | fertile, chalk/clay/loam/sand (RHS) |
| Drainage | well-drained |
| Lifecycle | biennial grown as an annual, or true biennial for overwintering purple sprouting types |
| Edible parts | flower buds, young stems |
At a Glance
Soil & Growing Conditions
Water: moist but well-drained; avoid waterlogging especially for overwintering varieties (RHS)
Soil pH range
Span reflects genuine variation between the cited authorities, not a single agreed figure.
Growth Stages
| Stage | BBCH | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Sowing | 0 | Sow indoors February-June or outdoors April-July; successive sowings extend the harvest window (RHS). |
| Transplanting | 3 | Plant out mid-spring to late summer once seedlings are 4-6in tall; space 24-31in apart depending on variety to improve air circulation (RHS). |
| Establishment / overwintering | 3 | Winter/spring varieties take 8+ months to mature into large plants up to 3ft tall, very hardy through severe winters (RHS). |
| Spear harvest | 8 | Cut shoots while heads are tightly in bud; repeated picking over up to two months as further side-shoots form, June through March with succession planting (RHS). |
Harvest & Storage
When to pick: Harvest when heads are well formed but still tightly in bud, before flowers begin to open; cut the entire 4-inch shoot with stem and leaves. Picking regularly over up to two months encourages further side-shoots (RHS).
Diseases
Pests
Sprouting Broccoli, Plant to Spear
References
-
Purple sprouting broccoli 'Cardinal', RHS Award of Garden Merit. Hardiness H5 (hardy in most UK locations, even severe winters). Full sun; south or west-facing aspect; sheltered exposure. Soil: chalk, clay, loam or sand; moist but well-drained; alkaline or neutral pH. Height 0.5-1m, spread 0.1-0.5m. Time to maturity 1 year. Harvest when heads are well formed and tight, before flowers open; spears ready from spring into early summer. Grow in fertile, well-drained soil; avoid replanting brassicas in the same soil year after year. Propagate by seed. PESTS: may be susceptible to cabbage root fly, caterpillars, cabbage whitefly, mealy cabbage aphid. DISEASES: potential issues include club root, brassica downy mildew, brassica white blister, powdery mildews.
-
Sprouting broccoli produces small clusters of usually purple buds on the tips of long, leafy stems, distinct from calabrese's single large central green head (which is what supermarkets often mislabel simply as "broccoli"). Sow indoors February-June or outdoors April-July; plant out mid-spring to late summer once seedlings are 4-6in tall; successive sowings extend the harvest. Space 24-31in apart depending on variety, with similar row spacing, to improve air circulation and encourage side-shoots. Fertile, well-drained soil, pH 6-7 (lime if very acidic); incorporate two bucketfuls of well-rotted manure or compost per square metre; avoid waterlogging, especially for overwintering varieties. Time to crop 4-10 months depending on variety; harvest window up to two months of regular pickings, June through March with succession plantings. Ready when heads are well formed but still tightly in bud; cut the entire 4-inch shoot with stem and leaves. Winter varieties are very hardy, giving especially valuable harvests through to spring, taking 8+ months to mature into large plants up to 3ft tall. PESTS: club root (start indoors to reduce impact), cabbage caterpillars, cabbage root fly, cabbage whitefly, flea beetles, mealy cabbage aphid, pigeons, slugs and snails. DISEASES: white blister disease. Most successful in cooler summers; hot weather causes premature bolting, so bolt-resistant varieties are recommended for warmer regions.
2 independent sources are cited for this crop. Where they disagree - soil pH is the clearest case - every figure is preserved rather than averaged into false precision.
Frequently Asked Questions
When should I sow sprouting broccolis in the UK?
In Southern England, from early February. In Scotland, wait until early February. Treat these as a guide rather than a fixed date — the governing rule is to sow only once frost risk has passed and temperatures are reliably warm enough.
When do I sow sprouting broccolis?
Sow early February to late July.
What soil pH do sprouting broccolis need?
A pH of about 6–7. That span reflects genuine variation between the authorities we cite rather than a single agreed figure — the References section lists each source's exact range.
What problems affect sprouting broccolis?
Our data links 3 diseases and 4 pests to this crop. See the sections above for each one and how to manage it.
Plan next season before the problems start
Most of the advice on this page comes down to timing and spacing — sowing at the right moment, rotating beds, and giving plants enough airflow. The UK Garden Planner lays your plot out month by month so those decisions are already made before the season starts.
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Last verified 2026-08-29
Where To Go From Here
Take this crop from reading into a written plan for your own beds.
Plan the next step
Use the printable SoilCommander planner for your region to turn this guide into sowing dates, bed layouts and weekly garden tasks.